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CONTENTS:
1. Geographical
overview.
2. Climate.
Eastern
Caucasus stretches on 480 km from Kazbek to the West till Apsheronsky
peninsula. It conventionally can be divided into four regions.
Ingusheto-Hevsuretsky mountains are made up by solid
dia-bases, porfirits, loamy and crystal schists expending on 50 km to
the East from the Uppers Terek and Belaya Aragva. Here the trekkers and
mountaineers popular Khuro and Shavana ridges with complicate by technique ridges
and mountain-mass Chauhy are situated.
Checheno-Tushetsky mountains stretches from Chantiarguna and Hevsuretsky Aragva
sources on 660 km to the East. The mountain sink opened to the river Andinskoe
Khoysu table. Great Caucasus Range is formed here by loamy schists which
is completed by sandstones, profirits and dia-bases.
Dagestansky mountains expends on other 220 km. Loamy schists form this region.
Dolomits and limestones come up on the surface to the North and East of Great
Caucasus Range in Dagestan mountains.
Azerbayjan mountains expends on 150 km to the East to Caspian
Sea. Region swelling rocks loamy schists, limestones, clays. Eastern
Caucasus is lower Central, most of its peaks are higher 4000 m. The Tebulosmt
mountain (4493 m ) - is the highest region peak. Eastern Caucasus ridges
are mainly made up of soft rocks easy to destroy by wash-out and
by weathering, that form typical landscapes with labyrinths of rutted ridges
and deep gorges. Muddy, violent with deep canyons rivers run through mountains.
In Eastern Caucasus the snow-line altitude begins from
3700-3800 m, its higher than in Western, and 300-400 m higher than in Central
Caucasus.
Despite of Western Caucasus higher ridges and peaks altitudes, the quantity
of glaciers is less than in Eastern. Usually glaciers are on the highest
mountain-masses, moreover on its northern side. In Eastern Caucasus the ice-covering
square is 114.4 sq. km . and 1 sq. km. for its northern and southern slopes.
The most of glaciers are ravine and valley.
The
climate of Eastern Caucasus is considerably drier than Western and Central Caucasus
climate. Precipitations are namely 1000-1250 mm per year in Eastern Caucasus
highlands, on the southern slope of Great Caucasus Range and in mountains of
Dagestan 400-600 mm per year. It is caused by condensers present that are
obstacles to saturated by moisture air streams from Black Sea. First of
all these are Kazbek and the Eastern Caucasus highest peak Tebulosmt.
Air streams give a large quantity of foggy days in Hevrusetiya and promote
to arising of frequent summer storms with groats or hail by on gusty winds with
hurricane force.
The next altitude condensator-barrier powerful Bogotsky ridge. Here moist
streams of Black Sea air finish their way to the East. Coming down on the ridge
they give a large number of storms, hails, snowy storms.
Summer is hot everywhere in Eastern Caucasus , and winter
is rather soft, but unstable on the northern side and usually stable warm on
its southern side. Spring is colder than autumn in mountains. In May rivers
begin to fill by melted snow water, and this is the time for travelling on tourist
vessels. And for the cyclist-tourists, pedestrians, and especially for trekkers
even June is not a good time for travelling.
In Eastern Caucasus autumn begins at the end of August. This
is the most safety (in the meaning of foul weather) sunny period for travelling
in local mountains. Often September and the first part of October are just the
most cloudless, the driest and the warmest.
For tourism Eastern Caucasus possibilities are very broad. Of any complication
category treks can be organized on about 20 the highest complication category
passes and on a number of more simple.
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